SOFIA (Reuters) - Bulgarian archaeologists unearthed ancient golden artefacts, including bracelets with snake heads, a tiara with animal motifs and a horse head piece during excavation works at a Thracian tomb in northern Bulgaria, they said on Thursday.
The new golden artefacts are dated back to the end of the fourth or the beginning of the third century BC and were found in the biggest of 150 ancient tombs of a Thracian tribe, the Getae, that was in contact with the Hellenistic world.
The findings also included a golden ring, 44 applications of female figures as well as 100 golden buttons.
"These are amazing findings from the apogee of the rule of the Getae," said Diana Gergova, head of the archaeologist team at the site of the ancient Getic burial complex situated near the village of Sveshtari, some 400 km northeast from Sofia.
"From what we see up to now, the tomb may be linked with the first known Getic ruler Cothelas," said Gergova, a renown researcher of Thracian culture with the Sofia-based National Archaeology Institute.
One of the tombs there, known as the Tomb of Sveshtari, is included in the World Heritage List of U.N. education and culture agency, UNESCO, for its unique architectural decor with half-human, half-plant female figures and painted murals.
The Thracians, ruled by a powerful warrior aristocracy rich in gold treasures, inhabited an area extending over modern Romania and Bulgaria, northern Greece and the European part of Turkey from as early as 4,000 BC.
They lived on the fringes of the Greek and Roman civilizations, often intermingling and clashing with the more advanced cultures until they were absorbed into the Roman Empire around 45 AD.
Archaeologists have discovered a large number of artefacts in Bulgaria's Thracian tombs in recent decades, providing most of what is known of their culture, as they had no written language and left no enduring records.
(Reporting by Tsvetelia Tsolova, editing by Paul Casciato)
Every day, thousands of New Yorkers open their doors to find cardboard boxes neatly packed with the groceries they just ordered by phone or computer from the delivery service FreshDirect. It sounds simple enough. But each of those boxes ? some sent as far as Philadelphia and Stamford, Conn. ? requires the collecting, shipping and sorting of food from around the region, the country and often the world.
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Earlier this year, we could count with our hands the number of New Yorkers seriously interested in the topic of flood insurance.
Most of them, in fact, were our colleagues: a team of graduate students at Columbia University?s Earth Institute, who spent a semester researching the potential for flood insurance markets to serve as a tool for risk mitigation from coastal flooding in New York City. The work was commissioned by the Mayor?s Office of Long Term Planning and Sustainability.
Only half of homes in flood zones, such as Zone A in New York City (which was ordered to evacuate prior to Hurricane Sandy), are insured against flooding.
With an overwhelming majority of scientists projecting increases in the magnitude and frequency of extreme weather events, and after Hurricane Irene struck New York City in the fall of 2011, this was certainly of interest to the mayor?s office.
None of us, of course, could have imagined that less than six months after completing our study, New York City would experience its worst hurricane since its founding in 1624. The unprecedented storm brought water levels to 13.88? at the Battery, smashing the record 11.2? water level set in 1821 ? crippling utilities, bringing the local and regional mass transit systems to a standstill, and leaving untold numbers of people to rebuild their lives.
Now, the event that was dubbed ?Frankenstorm? has brought our research on flood insurance, disturbingly, to life.
As New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo acknowledged last Tuesday, ?We have a new reality when it comes to these weather patterns; we have an old infrastructure, we have old systems. That is not a good combination.?
This is exactly why the flood insurance market, as a tool for change, is of interest to the mayor?s office, and should be considered more widely by other coastal cities. Replacing existing policy won?t be easy. But policymakers would be wise to examine the irreparable damage Sandy has brought to lives and possibly infrastructure, and use this moment to consider the alternative.
As a starting point, we offer the following picture of the current reality in the market for flood insurance:
Our research indicates that New York City, and other vulnerable areas throughout the United States, are significantly underinsured. Only half of homes in the flood-zones, such as Zone A in New York City (which was ordered to evacuate prior to the storm), are insured against flooding. Outside this zone, coverage drops to a mere 1 percent. The problem is that the designated flood-zones have not been updated in years, despite the Federal Emergency Management Agency?s continued effort to do so, and extreme weather events expected to occur every 100 years have become more frequent over the past years.
More importantly, since flood events affect large geographic areas, covering losses in one home with the premiums of other insurance clients in the area is impossible. Moreover, a market failure known as adverse selection occurs, driven by the fact that only those who perceive themselves to be most at risk purchase insurance, resulting in low participation in insurance programs. The result is an almost complete lack of flood insurance products offered by private insurance firms for residential properties. Due to this market failure, the federal government provided a ?patch,? the National Flood Insurance Program.
The federally backed flood insurance program offers policies where no one else will, and extends subsidized premium rates to 1-in-5 policyholders. But this program is not without its pitfalls. One year policy maximums, low awareness of the program and slow progress with reforming building codes have hampered the National Flood Insurance Program from improving flood risk resilience, and since Hurricane Katrina, the program has carried an $18 billion deficit due to the magnitude of losses. The damage from Hurricane Sandy will surely to extend the deficit significantly.
As we see the pictures and listen to the stories of the devastation caused by Sandy, we are reminded that in New York City alone, more than 30,000 properties in the 100-year floodplain are uninsured for flood damage. On top of that, increases in the frequency of these catastrophic events will lead to mounting losses for the federal program, and discourage even more the participation of private insurers in this market.
We hope that our research can help policymakers in New York City and communities that face similar circumstances overhaul the flood insurance markets locally, regionally and perhaps nationally in order to effectively mitigate the growing risk evidenced by the catastrophic effects of Hurricane Sandy.
Rebuilding after the storm will be a long process, but the policies that incentivize the fundamental risk mitigating mechanisms must be rebuilt from the ground up in order for New York, and the countries? vulnerable locations, to emerge with a more viable and resilient path to face nature in the future.
Our research has led to some very specific recommendations for policy makers:
Conduct a detailed market analysis in order to determine the exact number of properties at risk, value at risk and number of insured properties.
Educate the public about the risk of flooding and the availability of insurance.
Improve local government?s cooperation with NFIP program and integrate flood resiliency standards to building code.
Engage the reinsurance industry to activate the private market for flood insurance products and overcome market failures.
Explore the use of catastrophe bonds.
To access the full report, follow the link.
Adam Yukelson, a graduate of the M.S. Sustainability Management program ?12, is working on a variety of projects aimed at generating societal well-being in the face of disruptive change. Pablo Freund, a graduate of the MSc Sustainability Management program ?12, is managing director of the Buckminster Fuller Institute, working to promote design science to solve humanity?s most pressing problems.
What is OffersBy.me? It's a new website/app offering discounts for goods and services. And although it is currently only serving up offers in the company's hometown of Columbus, OH (expansion is planned) it has some cool features that set it apart from behemoths like Groupon or LivingSocial. OffersBy.me lets customers offer up how much they are willing to spend for a particular good or service and they are then connected with businesses and coupons that match their spending intent. That's a pretty good idea.
NYT > Sciencehttp://www.nytimes.com/pages/science/index.html?partner=rss&emc=rssScienceen-usCopyright 2012 The New York Times CompanyTue, 06 Nov 2012 19:30:22 GMTTue, 06 Nov 2012 19:30:22 GMT2NYT > Sciencehttp://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/misc/NYT_logo_rss_250x40.pnghttp://www.nytimes.com/pages/science/index.html?partner=rss&emc=rssGlobal Update: Polio Eradication Efforts in Pakistan Focus on Pashtunshttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/health/polio-eradication-efforts-in-pakistan-focus-on-pashtuns.html?partner=rss&emc=rssMany in the Pashtun ethnic group have been resistant to vaccinations, and the community accounts for about 75 percent of Pakistan?s polio cases.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/2544eb06/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658596739/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2544eb06/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658596739/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2544eb06/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658596739/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2544eb06/a2t.img" border="0"/>PoliomyelitisPakistanMedicine and HealthVaccination and ImmunizationTue, 06 Nov 2012 19:20:02 GMThttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/health/polio-eradication-efforts-in-pakistan-focus-on-pashtuns.htmlBy DONALD G. McNEIL Jr.Michael Kamber for The New York TimesThe Doctor?s World: Doctors Chased Clues to Identify Meningitis Outbreakhttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/health/doctors-chased-clues-to-identify-meningitis-outbreak.html?partner=rss&emc=rssThe work of state and federal epidemiologists in identifying an outbreak of fungal meningitis and tying it to a tainted steroid highlights many of the strengths of government health agencies.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/2544eb03/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658619748/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2544eb03/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658619748/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2544eb03/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658619748/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2544eb03/a2t.img" border="0"/>MeningitisEpidemicsSteroidsFungiMedicine and HealthTue, 06 Nov 2012 19:00:02 GMThttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/health/doctors-chased-clues-to-identify-meningitis-outbreak.htmlBy LAWRENCE K. ALTMAN, M.D.Friction Between Wolf Hunters and Protectors Riseshttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/02/us/friction-between-wolf-hunters-and-protectors-rises.html?partner=rss&emc=rssThe first modern wolf-hunting season in Minnesota and Wisconsin is raising concerns among those who are trying to protect the animals.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/2524d2cf/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658475078/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2524d2cf/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658475078/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2524d2cf/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658475078/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2524d2cf/a2t.img" border="0"/>Fund for AnimalsPacelle, WayneWolvesEndangered and Extinct SpeciesMinnesotaWisconsinHunting and TrappingTue, 06 Nov 2012 18:31:20 GMThttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/02/us/friction-between-wolf-hunters-and-protectors-rises.htmlBy STEVEN YACCINOWisconsin Department of Natural Resources, via Associated PressA gray wolf in Wisconsin, which along with Minnesota has legislation permitting wolf hunting.The Aftermath: Storm Raises Costs of Shoring Up Coastal Communitieshttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/science/storm-raises-costs-of-shoring-up-coastal-communities.html?partner=rss&emc=rssEven as communities in New Jersey clamor for sand, scientists warn that rising seas will make maintaining artificial beaches too expensive or simply impossible.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/25430a60/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658617498/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25430a60/kg/321-340/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658617498/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25430a60/kg/321-340/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658617498/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25430a60/kg/321-340/a2t.img" border="0"/>Hurricane Sandy (2012)Engineering and EngineersSand and GravelReal Estate and Housing (Residential)Real Estate (Commercial)Oceans and SeasInfrastructure (Public Works)Coastal AreasNew JerseyTue, 06 Nov 2012 18:18:20 GMThttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/science/storm-raises-costs-of-shoring-up-coastal-communities.htmlBy CORNELIA DEANMark Wilson/Getty ImagesA roller coaster mangled by Hurricane Sandy in Seaside Heights, N.J. The state has embraced the practice of beach nourishment: bringing in sand to build up coastlines and barrier islands.Dot Earth Blog: Can Hurricane Sandy Engage the Public on Global Warming?http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/why-climate-disasters-might-not-boost-public-engagement-on-climate-change/?partner=rss&emc=rssA climate communication analyst warns that Hurricane Sandy may not be a useful tool for engaging communities on the greenhouse challenge.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/254c65fc/mf.gif' border='0'/>Psychology and PsychologistsHurricane Sandy (2012)activismGlobal WarmingConsumer BehaviorDisasters and EmergenciescommunicationClimate ChangeBastrop State Park (Tex)WeatherdisastersGreenhouse Gas EmissionsWildfirescognitionenvironmental policyTue, 06 Nov 2012 18:12:52 GMThttp://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/why-climate-disasters-might-not-boost-public-engagement-on-climate-change/By ANDREW C. REVKINMichael Reynolds/European Pressphoto AgencyA Collective Effort to Save Decades of Research at N.Y.U.http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/health/a-collective-effort-to-save-decades-of-research-at-nyu.html?partner=rss&emc=rssAs Hurricane Sandy overwhelmed New York City, threatening New York University research buildings in Kips Bay, researchers from around the world rushed to offer assistance.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/2542b04e/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658605865/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2542b04e/kg/336/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658605865/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2542b04e/kg/336/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658605865/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2542b04e/kg/336/a2t.img" border="0"/>Hurricane Sandy (2012)Starbucks Corporation|SBUX|NASDAQResearchColleges and UniversitiesLaboratories and Scientific EquipmentTue, 06 Nov 2012 18:00:02 GMThttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/health/a-collective-effort-to-save-decades-of-research-at-nyu.htmlBy BENEDICT CAREYQ & A: Can Cancer Develop as a Result of an Injury?http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/science/can-cancer-develop-as-a-result-of-an-injury.html?partner=rss&emc=rssUntil the 1920s, some doctors believed trauma did cause cancer, but most medical authorities, including the American Cancer Society, see no such link.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/2541d916/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658584083/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2541d916/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658584083/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2541d916/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658584083/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2541d916/a2t.img" border="0"/>National Cancer InstituteResearchAmerican Cancer SocietyInjuriesCancerTue, 06 Nov 2012 17:30:02 GMThttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/science/can-cancer-develop-as-a-result-of-an-injury.htmlBy C. CLAIBORNE RAYVictoria RobertsObservatory: Giant Eucalyptus Trees E arn Rain Forest Stripeshttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/science/giant-eucalyptus-trees-e-arn-rain-forest-stripes.html?partner=rss&emc=rssGiant eucalyptus trees share traits with rain forest trees and should be reclassified, a study says, a move that may help save them from overharvesting.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/254282db/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658587747/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/254282db/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658587747/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/254282db/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658587747/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/254282db/a2t.img" border="0"/>EucalyptusForests and ForestryEndangered and Extinct SpeciesEnvironmentAustraliaTue, 06 Nov 2012 17:23:01 GMThttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/science/giant-eucalyptus-trees-e-arn-rain-forest-stripes.htmlBy SINDYA N. BHANOODavid TngGiant eucalyptus trees in Australia rely on wildfires to help clear out the competition.Green Blog: A New Approach to Military Nuclear Wastehttp://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/a-new-approach-to-military-nuclear-waste/?partner=rss&emc=rssA company proposes a new method for vitrification, in which radioactive material is mixed with glass before being cooled in steel containers.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/254bbaee/mf.gif' border='0'/>GlassKurionEnergy DepartmentNuclear Wastesnuclear wasteNuclear EnergyHanford nuclear reservationvitrificationBusinessScienceTue, 06 Nov 2012 17:21:10 GMThttp://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/a-new-approach-to-military-nuclear-waste/By MATTHEW L. WALDObservatory: Scientists Detect Starlight From Early Universehttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/science/scientists-detect-starlight-from-early-universe.html?partner=rss&emc=rssResearchers report that the light dates from 500 million years after the Big Bang, and was observed using the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/25298ba8/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658502189/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25298ba8/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658502189/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25298ba8/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658502189/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25298ba8/a2t.img" border="0"/>Stars and GalaxiesFermi Gamma-ray Space TelescopeResearchScience (Journal)SpaceTue, 06 Nov 2012 17:20:02 GMThttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/science/scientists-detect-starlight-from-early-universe.htmlBy SINDYA N. BHANOOChris GashProfiles in Science Peter G. Neumann: Rethinking the Computer at 80http://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/30/science/rethinking-the-computer-at-80.html?partner=rss&emc=rssDr. Neumann, an 80-year-old computer scientist at SRI International, is leading an effort to redesign computers and software from a ?clean slate? to make them more secure.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/2502d5b5/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658343145/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2502d5b5/kg/321-335-340-341-342/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658343145/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2502d5b5/kg/321-335-340-341-342/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658343145/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2502d5b5/kg/321-335-340-341-342/a2t.img" border="0"/>SRI InternationalNeumann, Peter G.International Business Machines Corporation|IBM|NYSEResearchComputer SecurityHarvard UniversityMenlo Park (Calif)Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyComputers and the InternetTue, 06 Nov 2012 17:20:02 GMThttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/30/science/rethinking-the-computer-at-80.htmlBy JOHN MARKOFFJim Wilson/The New York TimesPeter G. NeumannObservatory: Surrounded by Humans, Elephant in South Korea Learns to ?Speak?http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/science/surrounded-by-humans-korean-elephant-learns-to-speak.html?partner=rss&emc=rssResearchers think that Koshik, who lives at a zoo in South Korea, started imitating human speech out of a need to socialize.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/25298ba7/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658501227/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25298ba7/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658501227/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25298ba7/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658501227/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25298ba7/a2t.img" border="0"/>Voice and SpeechSouth KoreaElephantsCurrent BiologyTue, 06 Nov 2012 17:10:02 GMThttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/science/surrounded-by-humans-korean-elephant-learns-to-speak.htmlBy SINDYA N. BHANOOCurrent BiologyAngela Stoeger and Daniel Mietchen recording Koshik's vocalizations at the Everland Zoo in South Korea.Unlikely Model for H.I.V. Prevention: Adult Film Industryhttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/health/unlikely-model-for-hiv-prevention-porn-industry.html?partner=rss&emc=rssThe adult industry?s medical consultants say that about 350,000 sex scenes have been shot without condoms since 2004, and H.I.V. has not been transmitted on a set once.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/2542a63d/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658598078/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2542a63d/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658598078/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2542a63d/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658598078/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2542a63d/a2t.img" border="0"/>PornographySexAcquired Immune Deficiency SyndromeCondomsMedicine and HealthTests (Medical)Tue, 06 Nov 2012 17:04:03 GMThttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/health/unlikely-model-for-hiv-prevention-porn-industry.htmlBy DONALD G. McNEIL Jr.Stephanie Diani for The New York TimesShylar Cobi, right, a film producer, confirmed test results of the actors who perform as James Deen and Stoya.Bryan Norcross, Speaking Beyond What?s Forecasthttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/science/bryan-norcross-speaking-beyond-whats-forecast.html?partner=rss&emc=rssBryan Norcross?s criticism of the National Hurricane Center and of New York City?s mayor for briefly playing down Hurricane Sandy?s severity raised some debate.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/254339d8/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658605454/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/254339d8/kg/342/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658605454/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/254339d8/kg/342/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658605454/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/254339d8/kg/342/a2t.img" border="0"/>Hurricane Sandy (2012)MeteorologyNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationHurricanes and Tropical StormsFacebook Inc|FB|NASDAQNational Hurricane CenterNorcross, BryanDisasters and EmergenciesWeather ChannelTue, 06 Nov 2012 16:47:23 GMThttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/science/bryan-norcross-speaking-beyond-whats-forecast.htmlBy DOUGLAS QUENQUADavid Walter Banks for The New York TimesBryan Norcross in the studio.After Getting Back to Normal, the Big Job Is to Face a New Realityhttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/04/nyregion/after-getting-back-to-normal-the-big-job-is-to-face-a-new-reality.html?partner=rss&emc=rssHurricane Sandy is now a gauge of the region?s new fragility as climate change presents the government, and the public, with some overwhelming choices on how best to rebuild.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/253a4124/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658587748/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/253a4124/kg/340/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658587748/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/253a4124/kg/340/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658587748/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/253a4124/kg/340/a2t.img" border="0"/>New York CityHurricane Sandy (2012)Consolidated Edison Inc|ED|NYSECitigroup Inc|C|NYSEGlobal WarmingInfrastructure (Public Works)Bank of America Corporation|BAC|NYSEFloodsNew JerseyTue, 06 Nov 2012 16:10:02 GMThttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/04/nyregion/after-getting-back-to-normal-the-big-job-is-to-face-a-new-reality.htmlBy N. R. KLEINFIELDMarcus Yam for The New York TimesWorkers shoveled sand from a garage in Long Beach, N.Y. on Sunday.Green Blog: Amid Downed Trees, Grief and Awe at the Botanical Gardenhttp://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/05/amid-downed-trees-grief-and-awe-at-the-botanical-garden/?partner=rss&emc=rssThe New York Botanical Garden took a big hit in last week's storm, especially in its treasured old-growth forest.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/254337ac/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658619747/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/254337ac/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658619747/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/254337ac/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658619747/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/254337ac/a2t.img" border="0"/>New York CityHurricane Sandy (2012)New York Botanical GardenBronx (NYC)Hurricane SandyBreaking NewsWeather ExtremesFallsForests and ForestryoaksTrees and ShrubsParksstormsforestsTue, 06 Nov 2012 15:25:18 GMThttp://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/05/amid-downed-trees-grief-and-awe-at-the-botanical-garden/By EMMA BRYCENew York Botanical GardenA 101-foot red oak, perhaps 200 years old, that was toppled by winds last week at the New York Botanical Garden.Green Blog: The Big Barrier Questionhttp://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/the-big-barrier-question/?partner=rss&emc=rssAfter a devastating storm, the question is front and center: Should New York City armor itself with steel and concrete at a cost of billions of dollars?<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/25490190/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658624027/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25490190/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658624027/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25490190/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658624027/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25490190/a2t.img" border="0"/>Politics and Policystorm barriersConn.New York CityHurricane Sandy (2012)Hurricane SandyStamfordsea gatesArmy Corps of EngineersWeather ExtremesLevees and DamsOceansNew Yorjk CityStamford (Conn)RiversTue, 06 Nov 2012 15:14:45 GMThttp://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/06/the-big-barrier-question/By MIREYA NAVARRODot Earth Blog: How Natural Gas Kept Some Spots Bright and Warm as Sandy Blasted New Yorkhttp://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/05/how-natural-gas-kept-some-spots-bright-and-warm-as-sandy-blasted-new-york/?partner=rss&emc=rssNew York City's other grid, natural gas lines, allowed some places to stay warm and bright despite Sandy.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/25437a51/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658601485/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25437a51/kg/340/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658601485/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25437a51/kg/340/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658601485/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25437a51/kg/340/a2t.img" border="0"/>energyNew York CityHurricane Sandy (2012)Bronx (NYC)Co-Generation (Electricity Production Process)Natural GasNew York University Langone Medical CenterGlobal WarmingElectric Light and PowerDisasters and EmergenciesNew York UniversityWeatherPrinceton (NJ)disastersresiliencePace UniversityCo-op City (Bronx, NYC)Greenhouse Gas EmissionsTue, 06 Nov 2012 01:31:30 GMThttp://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/05/how-natural-gas-kept-some-spots-bright-and-warm-as-sandy-blasted-new-york/By ANDREW C. REVKINGreen Blog: South African Settlement Welcomes the iShackhttp://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/05/south-african-settlement-welcomes-the-ishack/?partner=rss&emc=rssA prototype offers solar power and energy-saving features like a recycled brick floor.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/254282e1/mf.gif' border='0'/>shacksBuildings (Structures)New Models, Design and ProductsLivingiShackEnergy EfficiencyCape Town (South Africa)squattersSolar EnergyGates, Bill and Melinda, FoundationSouth AfricasettlementsshantytownsArchitectureMon, 05 Nov 2012 20:17:55 GMThttp://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/05/south-african-settlement-welcomes-the-ishack/By EMMA BRYCECharmaine Yoest?s Cheerful War on Abortionhttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/04/magazine/charmaine-yoests-cheerful-war-on-abortion.html?partner=rss&emc=rssThe head of Americans United for Life isn?t a moderate, but she plays one on TV.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/253a4126/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658591907/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/253a4126/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658591907/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/253a4126/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658591907/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/253a4126/a2t.img" border="0"/>Barnes & Noble Inc|BKS|NYSEAbortionStarbucks Corporation|SBUX|NASDAQWomen and GirlsLaw and LegislationAmericans United for LifeYoest, CharmaineMon, 05 Nov 2012 17:26:33 GMThttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/04/magazine/charmaine-yoests-cheerful-war-on-abortion.htmlBy EMILY BAZELONElinor Carucci/Redux for The New York TimesDot Earth Blog: Study Finds Fuel Economy in U.S. Vehicles at All-Time Highhttp://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/05/study-finds-fuel-thrift-in-u-s-vehicles-and-driving-at-all-time-high/?partner=rss&emc=rssA fresh look at rising fuel thrift in American vehicles and driving habits.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/25409df8/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658581650/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25409df8/kg/321/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658581650/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25409df8/kg/321/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658581650/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25409df8/kg/321/a2t.img" border="0"/>University of MichiganenergyTransportationOil (Petroleum) and GasolineAutomobilesEconomic Conditions and TrendsSustainable LivingGreenhouse Gas Emissionsyour dotFuel Efficiencyenvironmental policyMon, 05 Nov 2012 16:42:40 GMThttp://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/05/study-finds-fuel-thrift-in-u-s-vehicles-and-driving-at-all-time-high/By ANDREW C. REVKINGreen Blog: On Our Radar: Storm's Lessons for Floridahttp://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/05/on-our-radar-storms-lessons-for-florida/?partner=rss&emc=rssFlorida, which is already experiencing the effects of sea-level rise, ponders potential solutions.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/254084f4/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658580235/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/254084f4/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658580235/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/254084f4/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658580235/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/254084f4/a2t.img" border="0"/>Politics and PolicyaquariumHurricane SandyfungusWeather ExtremesOceansdamNew York Aquariumash treesfisheriesMekong Riverclimate changeRiversforestsConey IslandScienceMon, 05 Nov 2012 16:36:15 GMThttp://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/05/on-our-radar-storms-lessons-for-florida/By THE NEW YORK TIMESNews Analysis: How Science Can Build a Better Youhttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/04/sunday-review/how-science-can-build-a-better-you.html?partner=rss&emc=rssHow far would you go to modify yourself using the latest medical technology?<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/2535d345/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658579786/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2535d345/kg/321/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658579786/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2535d345/kg/321/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658579786/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/2535d345/kg/321/a2t.img" border="0"/>Eyes and EyesightProsthesesScience and TechnologyMedical DevicesBrainImplantsPistorius, OscarBraingateMon, 05 Nov 2012 16:25:31 GMThttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/04/sunday-review/how-science-can-build-a-better-you.htmlBy DAVID EWING DUNCANChris KimGreen Blog: How N.Y.U. Stayed (Partly) Warm and Lightedhttp://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/05/how-n-y-u-stayed-partly-warm-and-lighted/?partner=rss&emc=rssLarger buildings at N.Y.U. did not lose electricity or heat because of the university's decision to make its own.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/253e8c59/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658599388/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/253e8c59/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658599388/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/253e8c59/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658599388/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/253e8c59/a2t.img" border="0"/>Fossil FuelsNatural GasLivingEmissions ReductionMon, 05 Nov 2012 16:22:10 GMThttp://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/05/how-n-y-u-stayed-partly-warm-and-lighted/By MATTHEW L. WALDOpinion: Deciding Where Future Disasters Will Strikehttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/04/opinion/sunday/deciding-where-future-disasters-will-strike.html?partner=rss&emc=rssIf barriers are built to save Lower Manhattan, the water won?t just disappear. It will flood other neighborhoods.<img width='1' height='1' src='http://rss.nytimes.com/c/34625/f/640377/s/25343f00/mf.gif' border='0'/><br/><br/><a href="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658539235/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25343f00/a2.htm"><img src="http://da.feedsportal.com/r/148658539235/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25343f00/a2.img" border="0"/></a><img width="1" height="1" src="http://pi.feedsportal.com/r/148658539235/u/0/f/640377/c/34625/s/25343f00/a2t.img" border="0"/>New York CityRotterdam (Netherlands)Global WarmingLevees and DamsFloodsArea Planning and RenewalMon, 05 Nov 2012 15:49:17 GMThttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/04/opinion/sunday/deciding-where-future-disasters-will-strike.htmlBy McKENZIE FUNKSpencer Platt/Getty ImagesPeople looked out at the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge from Brooklyn on Monday as Hurricane Sandy began to strike New York.
Electron microscopes with a twistPublic release date: 5-Nov-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Florian Aigner florian.aigner@tuwien.ac.at 43-158-801-41027 Vienna University of Technology
Vortex beams, rotating like a tornado, offer completely new possibilities for electron microscopy - A method of producing extremely intense vortex beams has been discovered at the Vienna University of Technology
This press release is available in German.
Nowadays, electron microscopes are an essential tool, especially in the field of materials science. At TU Vienna, electron beams are being created that possess an inner rotation, similarly to a tornado. These "vortex beams" cannot only be used to display objects, but to investigate material-specific properties - with precision on a nanometer scale. A new breakthrough in research now allows scientists to produce much more intense vortex beams than ever before.
Quantum Tornado: the Electron as a Wave
In a tornado, the individual air particles do not necessarily rotate on their own axis, but the air suction overall creates a powerful rotation. The rotating electron beams that have been generated at TU Vienna behave in a very similar manner. In order to understand them, we should not think of electrons simply as minuscule points or pellets, as in that case they could at most rotate on their own axis. Vortex beams, on the other hand, can only be explained in terms of quantum physics: the electrons behave like a wave, and this quantum wave can rotate like a tornado or a water current behind a ship's propeller.
"After the vortex beam gains angular momentum, it can also transfer this angular momentum to the object that it encounters", explained Prof. Peter Schattschneider from the Institute of Solid State Physics at TU Vienna. The angular momentum of the electrons in a solid object is closely linked to its magnetic properties. For materials science it is therefore a huge advantage to be able to make statements regarding angular momentum conditions based on these new electron beams.
Beams Rotate - With Masks and Screens
Peter Schattschneider and Michael Stger-Pollach (USTEM, TU Vienna) have been working together with a research group from Antwerp on creating the most intense, clean and controllable vortex beams possible in a transmission electron microscope. The first successes were achieved two years ago: at the time, the electron beam was shot through a minuscule grid mask, whereby it split into three partial beams: one turning right, one turning left and one beam that did not rotate.
Now, a new, much more powerful method has been developed: researchers use a screen, half of which is covered by a layer of silicon nitride. This layer is so thin that the electrons can penetrate it with hardly any absorption, however they can be suitably phase-shifted. "After focusing using a specially adapted astigmatic lens, an individual vortex beam is obtained", explained Michael Stger-Pollach.
This beam is more intense by one order of magnitude than the vortex beams that we have been able to create to date. "Firstly, we do not split the beam into three parts, as is the case with a grid mask, but rather, the entire electron stream is set into rotation. Secondly, the grid mask had the disadvantage of blocking half of the electrons - the new special screen does not do this", said Stger-Pollach.
Thanks to the new technology, right and left-rotating beams can now be distinguished in a reliable manner - previously this was only possible with difficulty. If we now add a predetermined angular momentum to each right and left-rotating beam, the rotation of one beam is increased, while the rotation of the other beam decreases.
Electron microscopes with a twist
This new technology was briefly presented by the research team in the "Physical Review Letters" journal. In future, the aim is to apply the method in materials science. Magnetic properties are often the focus of attention, particularly in the case of newly developed designer materials. "A transmission electron microscope with vortex beams would allow us to investigate these properties with nanometric precision", explained Peter Schattschneider.
More exotic applications of vortex beams are also conceivable: in principle, it is possible to set all kinds of objects in rotation - even individual molecules - using these beams, which possess angular momentum. Vortex beams could therefore also open new doors in nanotechnology.
###
Further information:
Prof. Peter Schattschneider
Institute for Solid State Physics
Vienna University of Technology
Wiedner Hauptstrae 8, 1040 Vienna
T: +43-1-58801-13722
peter.schattschneider@tuwien.ac.at
Dr. Michael Stger-Pollach
Service-Einrichtung fr Transmissions-Elektronenmikroskopie (USTEM)
Vienna University of Technology
Wiedner Hauptstrae 8, 1040 Vienna
T: +43-1-58801-45204
michael.stoeger-pollach@tuwien.ac.at
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Electron microscopes with a twistPublic release date: 5-Nov-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Florian Aigner florian.aigner@tuwien.ac.at 43-158-801-41027 Vienna University of Technology
Vortex beams, rotating like a tornado, offer completely new possibilities for electron microscopy - A method of producing extremely intense vortex beams has been discovered at the Vienna University of Technology
This press release is available in German.
Nowadays, electron microscopes are an essential tool, especially in the field of materials science. At TU Vienna, electron beams are being created that possess an inner rotation, similarly to a tornado. These "vortex beams" cannot only be used to display objects, but to investigate material-specific properties - with precision on a nanometer scale. A new breakthrough in research now allows scientists to produce much more intense vortex beams than ever before.
Quantum Tornado: the Electron as a Wave
In a tornado, the individual air particles do not necessarily rotate on their own axis, but the air suction overall creates a powerful rotation. The rotating electron beams that have been generated at TU Vienna behave in a very similar manner. In order to understand them, we should not think of electrons simply as minuscule points or pellets, as in that case they could at most rotate on their own axis. Vortex beams, on the other hand, can only be explained in terms of quantum physics: the electrons behave like a wave, and this quantum wave can rotate like a tornado or a water current behind a ship's propeller.
"After the vortex beam gains angular momentum, it can also transfer this angular momentum to the object that it encounters", explained Prof. Peter Schattschneider from the Institute of Solid State Physics at TU Vienna. The angular momentum of the electrons in a solid object is closely linked to its magnetic properties. For materials science it is therefore a huge advantage to be able to make statements regarding angular momentum conditions based on these new electron beams.
Beams Rotate - With Masks and Screens
Peter Schattschneider and Michael Stger-Pollach (USTEM, TU Vienna) have been working together with a research group from Antwerp on creating the most intense, clean and controllable vortex beams possible in a transmission electron microscope. The first successes were achieved two years ago: at the time, the electron beam was shot through a minuscule grid mask, whereby it split into three partial beams: one turning right, one turning left and one beam that did not rotate.
Now, a new, much more powerful method has been developed: researchers use a screen, half of which is covered by a layer of silicon nitride. This layer is so thin that the electrons can penetrate it with hardly any absorption, however they can be suitably phase-shifted. "After focusing using a specially adapted astigmatic lens, an individual vortex beam is obtained", explained Michael Stger-Pollach.
This beam is more intense by one order of magnitude than the vortex beams that we have been able to create to date. "Firstly, we do not split the beam into three parts, as is the case with a grid mask, but rather, the entire electron stream is set into rotation. Secondly, the grid mask had the disadvantage of blocking half of the electrons - the new special screen does not do this", said Stger-Pollach.
Thanks to the new technology, right and left-rotating beams can now be distinguished in a reliable manner - previously this was only possible with difficulty. If we now add a predetermined angular momentum to each right and left-rotating beam, the rotation of one beam is increased, while the rotation of the other beam decreases.
Electron microscopes with a twist
This new technology was briefly presented by the research team in the "Physical Review Letters" journal. In future, the aim is to apply the method in materials science. Magnetic properties are often the focus of attention, particularly in the case of newly developed designer materials. "A transmission electron microscope with vortex beams would allow us to investigate these properties with nanometric precision", explained Peter Schattschneider.
More exotic applications of vortex beams are also conceivable: in principle, it is possible to set all kinds of objects in rotation - even individual molecules - using these beams, which possess angular momentum. Vortex beams could therefore also open new doors in nanotechnology.
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Further information:
Prof. Peter Schattschneider
Institute for Solid State Physics
Vienna University of Technology
Wiedner Hauptstrae 8, 1040 Vienna
T: +43-1-58801-13722
peter.schattschneider@tuwien.ac.at
Dr. Michael Stger-Pollach
Service-Einrichtung fr Transmissions-Elektronenmikroskopie (USTEM)
Vienna University of Technology
Wiedner Hauptstrae 8, 1040 Vienna
T: +43-1-58801-45204
michael.stoeger-pollach@tuwien.ac.at
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Public release date: 5-Nov-2012
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